5 minute read

The days between Thanksgiving and the New Year can be a dizzying haze. Outside your window, you see lights wrap around decorated houses, their brightness compensating for an early setting sun. It reminds you of home, where savoury and sweet scents saturate the air from early afternoon until late in the night—hot chocolate, fresh rice, aunty’s curry, and whatever everyone is bringing for the family party. Any other time of the year you would jump at the opportunity to visit family, but you feel a weight press against your chest. You feel dread as you stare at the gifts and money packets you prepared for all your nieces and nephews. An uninviting winter chill penetrates your bones. You can’t get out of bed. Everything feels like an attack to your senses. You ignore your parents’ calls.

 

As an Asian living in the US, it can be difficult to take the impact of these experiences seriously. If you were brought up in a culture that stigmatizes mental health and prioritizes stoicism, it might seem silly to not be able to get over things so inconsequential. You think: it’s probably the winter blues or stress. But it might be something else you’ve heard others talk about: Seasonal Affective Disorder.

What is Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)?

Seasonal Affective Disorder is a “recurrent mood disorder in which depressive episodes regularly begin in one season and remit in another season” (Kasof, 2009, p. 79). Commonly referred to as “SAD,” it also goes by other names, including “seasonal depression” and “winter depression.” Approximately 5% of people living in the United States experience SAD (Mental Health America, n.d.).  

Though it is often associated with fall and winter months (termed winter-SAD), SAD has also been observed in the spring and summer months (termed summer-SAD) (Kasof, 2009, p. 79). Symptoms for winter-SAD include loss of drive and energy, prolonged sleep, increased food intake (Rothenberg et al., 2004, p. 209), among others. Summer-SAD can also manifest in a similar fashion, though for those managing bipolar disorders, spring and summer months may also see manic or hypomanic episodes (American Psychiatric Association, 2013 via Rothenberg et al., 2004, p. 209).

Who is at risk for Seasonal Affective Disorder?

Though SAD is aptly named after its main diagnostic characteristic, several studies shine light on factors that correlate with its occurrence. Studies have looked at patterns that factor in geography, climate and culture, and found that people are possibly more at risk if they:

  • Have moved to a new country within the past 10 years (Kurata et al., 2016, p. 7)
  • Are already experiencing mental distress (Saheer et al., 2013, p. 241)
  • Live in high latitude (non-equatorial) areas with limited exposure to sunlight (Haggarty et al., 2002, p. 382; Kurata et al., 2016, p. 6; Stewart et al., 2014, p. 518)

 For many in the Asian American community, these risk factors are common aspects of lived experiences. According to the Pew Research Center, 54% of 24 million Asian Americans living in the U.S. immigrated to the country (Tian et al., 2024). The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Minority Health (n.d.) states that 10.2% of the Asian American population over the age of 18 experienced serious psychological distress in 2023 – a big jump from 1.9% in 2018.

Culturally informed practices to protect against Seasonal Affective Disorder

Being in community and maintaining socializing activities (Kurata et al., 2016, p. 7), exercising, and being outdoors (Rothenberg et al., 2024, pp. 216-217) have been observed to provide benefits for those experiencing SAD. While studies around SAD often focus on treating geographic and climate factors through increased sun exposure through travel and light therapies (Rothenberg et al., 2024, p. 214), these solutions are not 100% effective and may not be accessible for those with limited resources. 

Cultural factors were consistent considerations in studies, often referring to the impact cultural and social norms have over the perception of mental health and treatment. While it is important to not self-diagnose, solutions can be hard to find if the problem can’t be recognized in the first place. Identifying, understanding and being able to articulate your experiences can help with finding the right support. Choosing to work with a culturally-sensitive professional can make a huge impact, especially at times of crisis.

This is why we at AMHC emphasize the importance of ensuring diversity in therapeutic practice. For those looking to connect to an Asian therapist, we’ve compiled a list of practitioners across America in our directory.

For those in need, we also run applications throughout the year for free therapy sessions through our Lotus Therapy Fund.

Sources

American Psychiatric Association. (n.d.). Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/seasonal-affective-disorder 

Bodden, S., Lorimer, H., Parr, H., & Williams, C. (2024). SAD geographies: Making light matter. Progress in Human Geography, 48(5), 595-613. https://doi.org/10.1177/03091325241252846 

Boldschmied, J. R., Palermo, E., Sperry, S., Burgess, H. J., McCarthy, M., Yocum, A., McInnis, M., & German, P. (2025). Seasonal variation in mood among individuals with and without bipolar disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 369, 1131-1135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.10.101 

Chen, Z., Zhang, X., & Tu, Z. (2024). Treatment measures for seasonal affective disorder: A network meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 350, 531-536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.028 

Haggarty, J. M., Cernovsky, Z., Husni, M., Minor, K., Kermeen, P., & Merskey, H. (2002). Seasonal affective disorder in an Arctic community. Acta Psychiatric Scandinavica, 105(5), 378-384. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2002.1o185.x

Jack, R. H., Joseph, R. M., Hollis, C., Hippisley-Cox, J., Butler, D., Waldram, D., & Coupland, C. (2023). Seasonal trends in antidepressant prescribing, depression, anxiety and self-harm in adolescents and young adults: an open cohort study using English primary care data. BMJ Mental Health, 26(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2023-300855 

Kasof, J. (2009). Cultural variation in seasonal depression: Cross-national differences in winter versus summer patterns of seasonal affective disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 115(1-2), 79-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2008.09.004 

Kurata, Y., Izawa, S., & Nomura, S. (2016). Seasonality in mood and behaviours of Japanese residents in high-latitude regions: transnational cross-sectional study. BioPsychoSocial Medicine, 10:33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-016-0084-2 

Mental Health America. (n.d.). Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). https://mhanational.org/conditions/seasonal-affective-disorder-sad 

Rothenberg, M., Nussbaumer-Streit, B., Pjrek, E., & Winkler, D. (2024). Lifestyle modification as intervention for seasonal affective disorder: A systematic review. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 174, 209-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.03.053 

Saheer, T. B., Lien, L., Hauff, E., & Kumar, B. N. (2013). Ethnic differences in seasonal affective disorder and associated factors among five immigrant groups in Norway. Journal of Affective Disorders, 151(1), 237-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.05.086 

Stewart, A. E., Roecklein, K. A., Tanner, S., & Kimlin, M. G. (2014). Possible contributions of skin pigmentation and vitamin D in a polyfactorial model of seasonal affective disorder. Medical Hypotheses, 83(5), 517-525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2014.09.010 

Suhail, K. & Cochrane, R. (1997). Seasonal changes in affective state in samples of Asian and white women. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 32(3), 149-157. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00794614 

Suhail, K. & Cochrane, R. (1998). Seasonal variations in hospital admissions for affective disorders by gender and ethnicity. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 33(5), 211-217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001270050045

Tian, Z., Im, C., Mukherjee, S., & Budiman, A. (2024, October 9). Why Asian Immigrants Come to the U.S. and How They View Life Here. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/race-and-ethnicity/2024/10/09/why-asian-immigrants-come-to-the-u-s-and-how-they-view-life-here/ 

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Minority Health. (n.d.). Mental and Behavioral Health – Asian Americans. https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/mental-and-behavioral-health-asian-americans 

7 min read

The next four years can seem like a scary unknown, wherever you fall on the political spectrum. Drastic cultural shifts have revealed huge divides within the country, with polarization pulling communities apart. As identity politics continue to be weaponized by both sides of the political aisle (Lopez, 2017), the current political climate can feel volatile, and at times, downright adversarial. Livelihoods are being affected in very real ways across the country, from the introduction of Islamophobic (Othering & Belonging Institute at UC Berkley, n.d.) and transphobic (Trans Legislation Tracker, n.d.) policies, to removal of reproductive rights (Department of Health and Human Services, n.d.), and to threats of mass deportation by military means (Montoya-Galvez et al., 2024).

It’s important to find ways to take care of yourself and build resilience through these challenging times. We’ve compiled some strategies to help you remain safe, physically and mentally, at both an individual and community level. Additional resources are also listed below:

At an individual level

Maintenance strategies play a significant role in maintaining mental and physical safety. Low-barrier activities such as mindfulness meditation, breathwork, physical activity, connection with nature, and reduced social media usage contribute to improvements in overall health, specifically for individuals experiencing anxiety and depression.

 

Mindfulness meditation & breathwork

Mindfulness meditation can reduce stress and anxiety, and can help with depression when implemented consistently on a long-term basis (Li et al., 2020, p. 67). Mindfulness meditation is “the process of focusing one’s mind in the present moment, maintaining a nonjudgmental attitude, and detaching from destructive thoughts and feelings,” (Dryden & Still, 2006 as cited by Li et al., 2020, p. 60). Mindfulness meditation includes meditation, mindfulness of decompression therapy, and mindfulness of cognitive therapy (Hwang et al., 2018 as cited by Li et al., 2020 p. 60).

Breathing practices and breathwork have also shown to have a positive impact on stress reduction. Breathing practices include diaphragmatic breathing, paced slow breathing, breathing with biofeedback, and alternate-nostril breathing (Bentley et al., 2023). Breathwork has been shown to be most effective when introduced into daily/weekly practice.

For those wanting to give it a try, the University of Melbourne provides guided exercises for mindfulness meditation, and Stanford Medicine has published a quick instructional on cyclic breathing.

Reducing social media and increasing physical activity

While keeping informed remains an important aspect of social participation, it can also have negative impacts on mental health, especially when it leads to excessive social media use. Studies have shown a link between problematic use of social media and social media fatigue, creating a self-sustaining loop that worsens over time (Chen et al., 2024, p. 463). Problematic use is defined as the “uncontrollable, prolonged use of social media and the resulting physical discomfort and psychosocial maladjustment,” (Mok et al., 2014, as cited by Chen et al., p. 458). Social media fatigue has been described as “a state of mental exhaustion suffered by users after experiencing technological, informational, and communication overload when using social media,” (Dhir et al., 2018 as cited by Chen et al., 2024, p. 468). Problematic use has been found to be both a stressor and an antecedent (trigger) for technological stressors, which means that those addicted to social media are also then experiencing social media fatigue (Chen et al., p. 458).

There is good news, however. A combined and strategic reduction in social media use and increase in physical activities has been found to improve health outcomes (Brailovskaia et al., 2022, p. 1894), as opposed to decreasing social media use alone (Brailovskaia et al., 2022, p. 1890). Physical activities have been shown to improve mental health outcomes for individuals dealing with depression, even at a low-to-moderate level (Hussenoeder et al., 2023, p. 2425). Participation in team sports have been found to improve health outcomes due in part to social factors (Clément et al., 2024), and participation in outdoor activities has been linked to positive impacts on mental health by virtue of connecting with nature (Nugraha et al., 2024, p. 645).

At a community level

Fear can be an incredibly isolating feeling; it can be reassuring to find others who understand what you’re going through. Social support has been associated with a 55% reduction in odds of elevated depressive symptoms (Choi et al., 2023, p. 431)—you shouldn’t have to go at it alone.

Lean into community resources & support

Community groups and resources can provide various levels of support, depending on issues you’re dealing with. This can span from free, in-person support groups to paid community services. Our Resource/Org Directory compiles resources around the country for those seeking specific community support.

Virtual tools

Depending on where you live, community support may not be easy to access. Online and virtual resources may be more feasible for those not experiencing immediate crisis. Our Therapist Directory includes Asian certified mental health practitioners of all kinds who provide virtual therapy sessions across the country. Mobile apps like Headspace and Happify provide asynchronous support through their resource libraries and friendly, gamified user experiences.

Understand your rights

If you foresee your safety and rights being at risk in relation to upcoming political shifts, it might be worth looking into ways to protect yourself legally. Organizations like the American Civil Liberties Union and the National Lawyers Guild provide educational resources regarding specific rights for those currently living in America. The American Bar Association maintains an online index of legal resources, including links to pro bono programs, legal aid and a link to their virtual legal advice clinic.

Being prepared

According to the Centre for Disease Control (n.d.), suicide was one of the leading causes of death within the Asian population in 2022, especially for those between 15-34 years of age. 2023 data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (n.d.) revealed that Asian American adults were less likely than other minority populations to receive mental health treatment. The American Psychiatric Association (2020) cited cultural and systemic factors as possible reasons why service use is seemingly low within AAPI populations.

It’s unclear what lies ahead. Incorporating additional tools can help build resilience and protective layers to maintaining physical, emotional and mental safety. Create plans for days when you’re not feeling 100%, and for days you feel like you need support the most. Build a mental health first aid kit (Cadloff, 2018). And if possible, involve those you trust in the process as well.

Additional Resources

Some days are harder than others, and support can look different between individuals. Below is a list of additional resources, categorized based on type of support provided:

Virtual mental health resources:

Legal support:

Sources

American Psychiatric Association. (2020). Mental Health Facts For Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders. https://www.psychiatry.org/File%20Library/Psychiatrists/Cultural-Competency/Mental-Health-Disparities/Mental-Health-Facts-for-Asian-Americans-Pacific-Islanders.pdf 

Bently, T. G. K., D’Andrea-Penna, G., Rakic, M., Arce, N., LaFaille, M., Berman, R., Cooley, K., & Sprimont, P. (2023). Breathing Practices for Stress and Anxiety Reduction: Conceptual Framework of Implementation Guidelines Based on a Systematic Review of the Published Literature. Brain Sciences, 13, 1612. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13121612

Brailovskaia, J., Swanlike, V. J., Grethe, G. A., Schillack, H., & Margraf, J. (2022). Experimental longitudinal evidence for causal role of social media use and physical activity in COVID‑19 burden and mental health. Journal of Public Health, 21, 1885-1898. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-022-01751-x

Cadloff, E. B. (2018, December 3). How first-aid kits for mental health symptoms are helping Canadian university students. Maclean’s. https://macleans.ca/economy/business/first-aid-kit-mental-health/ 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Leading Causes of Death. WISQARS Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System. https://wisqars.cdc.gov/lcd/?o=LCD&y1=2022&y2=2022&ct=10&cc=ALL&g=00&s=0&r=4&ry=2&e=0&ar=lcd1age&at=groups&ag=lcd1age&a1=0&a2=199. Accessed November 20, 2024.

Chen, B., Sun, X., Zhang, Q., & Yao, L. (2024). Are Fatigued Users Fleeing Social Media? A Three-Level Meta-Analysis on the Association Between Social Media Fatigue and Social Media Use. Psychology of Popular Media, 13(3), 457-471. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000495 

Choi, K. W., Lee, Y. H., Fatori, D., Bauermeister, J. R., Luh, R. A., Clark, C. R., Brunoni, A. R., Bauermeister, S., & Smoller, J. W. (2023). Social support and depression during a global crisis. Nature Mental Health, 1, 428-435. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-023-00078-0 

Clément, J., Gallant, F., Hudon, C., Montiel, C., Riglea, T., Barbiche, D., Doré, I., Sylvestre, M., O’Loughlin, J., & Bélanger, M. (2024). Use of physical activity as a coping strategy mediates the association between adolescent team sports participation and emerging adult mental health. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 27, 100612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100612 

Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.). Home. ReproductiveRights.Gov. https://reproductiverights.gov/. Accessed November 18, 2024.

Hussenoeder, F. S., Conrad, I., Pabst, A., Engel, C., Zachariae, S., Zeynalova, S., Glaesmer, H., Hinz, A., Witte, V., Schomerus, G., Löffler, M., Villringer, A., Sander, C., & Reidel-Heller, S. G. (2023). Physical activity and mental health: the connection between step count and depression, anxiety and quality of sleep. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 28(9), 2419-2429. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2022.2159453 

Li, Y., Sun, W., Sun, X., Sun, J., Yang, D., Jia, B., & Yuan, B. (2021). Effects of mindfulness meditation on anxiety, depression, stress, and mindfulness in nursing students: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials. Frontiers of Nursing, 7(1), 59-69. https://doi.org/10.2478/FON-2020-0001

Lopez, G. (2017, August 17). The battle over identity politics, explained. Vox. https://www.vox.com/identities/2016/12/2/13718770/identity-politics 

Montoya-Galvez, C., Watson, E., & Sganga, N. (2024, November 20). How could the U.S. military be used for Trump’s mass deportation plan? CBS News. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/u-s-military-trump-mass-deportation-plan/ 

National Institutes of Health. (2023, November 2). All of Us Data Shows the Power of Social Support to Prevent Depression. All of Us Research Program. https://allofus.nih.gov/news-events/research-highlights/all-of-us-data-shows-power-of-social-support-to-prevent-depression 

Nugraha, H., Hernawan, Ali, M., Rahmat, A, Septante, I., Aryati, & Suryadi, D. (2024). Outdoor activities and outdoor environments for fitness and mental health: a systematic review. Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 59, 642-648.

Othering & Belonging Institute at UC Berkley. (n.d.). Islamophobia Legislative Database. https://belonging.berkeley.edu/islamophobia/islamophobia-legislative-database. Accessed November 18, 2024

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (n.d.). Results from the 2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Mental Health Detailed Tables. https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/reports/rpt47100/NSDUHDetailedTabs2023/NSDUHDetailedTabs2023/2023-nsduh-detailed-tables-sect6pe.htm#tab6.21b. Accessed November 20, 2024.

Trans Legislation Tracker. (n.d.). 2024 anti-trans bills tracker. https://translegislation.com/. Accessed November 18, 2024. 

7 min read

When winds carry the movements of an ocean, they form waves containing the momentum of the waters below. In collective actions, organizers are the crest of the wave, the visible force that surges forward onto the surface. From union leaders to club presidents, they are the driving forces within communities and social movements.

But being the driving force behind the fight for justice can pose heavy challenges. Organizers often work long hours, care deeply about and are personally invested in the causes they fight for, and regularly have little separation between their personal lives and their causes.

As a result, the rate of attrition for organizers can be quite high, up to 50-60% as of 2003 data. When taking a break, Asian organizers also have to surmount cultures of sacrifice and martyrdom that can lead to feelings of guilt. Given this, AMHC believes that therapy can provide a strong foundation in ensuring that organizers get the help that they not only need, but deserve.

Empathy

Organizers are part of the social fabric as waves are part of the ocean. Their connection to their environment strengthens their endeavors, with organizers leaning into empathy to drive effective action. Organizers working to end oppression and injustice often bear witness to terrible suffering that society at large is often resistant to acknowledge. Without sufficient support to process these experiences, organizers often negate their own needs and deem rest and recovery as unimportant when compared to the larger cause they are advocating for. 

While empathy is categorically one of the most important values for leaders to embody, it can also become an obstacle when it creates a negative feedback loop due to emotional contagion. Emotional contagion refers to the tendency to feel emotions that mirror the intensity and type expressed by someone else. This can explain why burnout can have a ripple effect within organizational relationships and personal relationships. Emotional contagion from social interactions has been shown to result in behavioral synchrony—when behaviors between individuals begin to coordinate during social contact. For organizers, especially those leading social movements, this can directly impact the outcomes of their work and the work of those around them.

Burnout

Researchers looking into social movements identify burnout as one of the greatest threats posed to realizing sustainable social change . With anti-Asian hate being spotlighted in recent years, some organizers are feeling exhausted, questioning their contributions towards real change. The World Health Organization characterizes burnout from an occupational perspective, by feelings of exhaustion, job-related negativity, and decreased professional effectiveness. For organizers, this can look like lack of focus, impatience, frustration and anxiety, among multiple interlinked factors that can feel debilitating. Occupational-related stresses have also been connected to adverse psychological and physiological health outcomes. Organizers’ emotional connection to the causes they uphold increases their vulnerability towards burnout, adding additional layers of challenges. These vulnerabilities can stem from backlash to activism, increased threats to personal safety, as well as in-fighting within movements. Burnout, when left unchecked, can be a huge problem for organizers and groups. Without strong leadership, groups can face challenges in lack of direction, vision, focus and organization, which can create fragmentation. Even without opposing force, inertia slows down the momentum of any given object, before it eventually comes to a full stop.

Therapy for organizers is an investment in social change.

For organizers, prioritizing care towards personal needs can feel antithetical to caring for the needs of the collective, but ultimately we at AMHC believe that investing in the mental wellbeing of organizers strengthens the health of movements and therefore is an investment in social change. Therapy can have a spillover effect, strengthening personal, social and behavioral outcomes.

While reactive care can help address stress after triggering events, self-care and preventative measures are still seen as the best interventions in promoting individual and community health. This can be anything from regular bi-weekly check-ins with a therapist over video call, to meeting with a therapist once every quarter to develop self-care and maintenance plans.

1

Asian Organizers Fund

In May, Asian Mental Health Collective utilized our funding to offer the first cohort of the Asian Organizers Fund for Asian student organizers, supporting those impacted by student encampments and anti-war protests.

On November 15, we will be opening a second round of the Asian Organizers Fund, aimed towards supporting those impacted by election organizing, actions, and burnout— including those from West Asia and Palestine. Applications will close on November 22 at 11:59 PM EST. 

20 recipients will have access to 8 virtual or in-person therapy sessions with a licensed mental health professional. 

We thank Asian Americans Advance Justice | AAJC for their financial support which helped make this offering possible.

donate to support the asian organizers fund here!

Additional Support

Additional support for organizers can be found both at clinical and community levels. Individual therapy sessions can be beneficial in managing specific problems, while groups can help in support rooted in community. Check out our other resources below:

Sources

  1. Klandermans, Bert. “Disengaging from movements.” In The social movements reader: Cases and concepts, edited by J. Goodwin, & J. Jasper, 128-140. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2003.
  2. Mohamad, Zulaikha. “Mapping Mental Health Support For Resilient Activists.” Innovation for Change, September 30, 2022. https://eastasia.innovationforchange.net/story/mapping-mental-health-for-resilient-activists/ 
  3. Gorski, Paul C. “Fighting racism, battling burnout: causes of activist burnout in US racial justice activists.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 42, no. 5 (February 2018): 670-671. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2018.1439981 
  4. Brower, Tracy. “Empathy Is The Most Important Leadership Skill According To Research.” Forbes, January 12, 2022. https://www.forbes.com/sites/tracybrower/2021/09/19/empathy-is-the-most-important-leadership-skill-according-to-research/
  5. Ho, Man Him, Benjamin Thomas Kemp, Hedwig Eisenbarth and Ronald J. P. Rinders. “Designing a neuroclinical assessment of empathy deficits in psychopathy based on the Zipper Model of Empathy.” Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 151, (August 2023): 105244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105244
  6. Ibid.
  7. Marble Wellness. “The Ripple Effect: How Burnout Impacts Relationships.” January 9, 2024. https://marblewellness.com/post/the-ripple-effect-how-burnout-impacts-relationships
  8. Herrando, Carolina and Efthymios Constantinides. “Emotional Contagion: A Brief Overview and Future Directions.” Frontiers in Psychology 12,  (July 2021): 712606. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.712606 
  9. Feldman, Ruth. “The Neurobiology of Human Attachments.” Trends in Cognitive Sciences 21, no. 2 (February 2017): 80-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2016.11.007 
  10. Laurence Cox, How Do We Keep Going? Activist Burnout and Sustainability in Social Movements (Helsinki: Into e-books, 2011)
  11. Pigni, Alessandra. “Practising mindfulness at the checkpoint.” openDemocracy, July 17, 2013. https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/transformation/practising-mindfulness-at-checkpoint/ 
  12. Huang, Cecilia. “Dear Kiki: How do I overcome burnout while fighting against anti-Asian hate?.” Cold Tea Collective, June 28, 2021. https://coldteacollective.com/dear-kiki-activism-burnout/ 
  13. World Health Organization. “Burn-out an ‘occupational phenomenon’.” Accessed November 7, 2024. https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/frequently-asked-questions/burn-out-an-occupational-phenomenon
  14. Gleeson, Brent. “Burden Of Command: How Leaders Identify And Reduce Burnout In Themselves And Their Teams.” Forbes, June 21, 2023. https://www.forbes.com/sites/brentgleeson/2023/06/21/burden-of-command-how-leaders-identify-and-reduce-burnout-in-themselves-and-their-teams/ 
  15. Jacobs, Clarine. “Ineffective-Leader-Induced Occupational Stress.” Sage Open 9, no. 2 (June 2019). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019855858
  16. Maslach, Christina and M. E. Gomes. “Overcoming burnout.” In Working for Peace: A Handbook of Practical Psychology, edited by R. MacNair, 43-49. San Luis Obispo, CA: Impact, 2006.
  17. Plyer, Jen. “How To Keep On Keeping On: Sustaining Ourselves in Community Organizing and Social Justice Struggles.” Upping the Anti, October 26, 2009. https://uppingtheanti.org/journal/article/03-how-to-keep-on-keeping-on/ 
  18. Benjamin-Chung, Jade, Benjamin F. Arnold, David Berger, Stephen P. Luby, Edward Miguel, John M. Colford Jr  and Alan E. Hubbard. “Spillover effects in epidemiology: parameters, study designs and methodological considerations.” International Journal of Epidemiology 47, no. 1 (November 2017): 332-347. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyx201
  19. Reed, Paul. “Prevention Is Still the Best Medicine.” Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, January 26, 2024. https://odphp.health.gov/news/202401/prevention-still-best-medicine 
  20. World Health Organization. “Self-care for health and well-being.” April 26, 2024. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/self-care-health-interventions 
Asian Mental Health Collective